Pneumatic tool.



v PATENTED 00T. 11s, 1903.A N. W. FLETCHER. I I .PNBUMATIGTOUL ABPLIQATION FILED DBO. 15,190.2.

N0 MODEL.

f u. c. THF. News mais co, PHoToLnmo.. vmsgmacm4 nirrnn STATES Patented October 13,. 1903.

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NATHAN W. FLETCHER, OF BATAVIA, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO MELVILLE E. DAYTON, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

PNEUMATIC TOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 741,320, dated October 13, 1903.

Application filed December lI 1902. Serial No. 135,182. (No model.)

To ctZZ whom t may concern.-

Be itknown that I, NATHAN W. FLETCHER, of Batavia, in the county of Kane and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and use- 5 ful Improvementsin Pneumatic Tools; andI do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof,reference being had to the accompanying drawings,and to the letters of reference marked thereon,

ro which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in pneumatic tools, and more especially to a tool embracing a motor which is operated by the impact of air moving at great velocity and which is applied to actuate a rotative tool adapted for use for boring, drilling, or like purposes.

The invention consists in the matters hereinafter described, and pointed out in the apzo pended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention, Figure l is a view in side elevation of the main operative parts of the pneumatic hand tool or drill, the motor part of the z5 implement being shown in longitudinal section. Fig. 2 is a cross-section taken upon line 2 2 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a cross-section taken upon line 3 3 of Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a detail section taken upon the curved line 4 4 of 3o Fig. 2.

As shown in the said drawings, A indicates a tubular stock which constitutes the handle of the implement, and B a spindle, which is inserted at one end within and has rotative 3 5 engagement with the said stock A.

Y C C indicate two rotative disks, one of whichis attached to the spindleB and the other of which turns on the stock A,said disks being rigidly connected with each other at 4o their outer ends by means of a cylindric connecting-shell O2, said shell C2 herein shown as having the form otan imperforate cylinder attached at its opposite side margin to the outer margins of the disks C and C. The stock A has at its inner end a tubular extension A', which projects past the disk C into the inclosure or casing formed by the disks C and C. Within said inclosure or casing is an annular airtube D, which is mounted non- 5o rotatively on the tubular extension A of the stock A and which is supported upon the said extension by means of radial arms CZ d,through which air is supplied to the said air-tube D. Said annular tube D is provided with opposite annularly-arranged air-exit openings or jetorifices d'.

The disks C and C are provided each with an annularlyarranged series or set ot oblique blades c c', said blades exteuding'across continuous aun ular slots o1' openings in the said 6o disks and the blades serving to rigidly connect the parts of the disks inside and outside of said slots or openings. The airtube D is provided on its opposite sides with oppositelydisposed air exit or jet openings d, which are directed toward the set of oblique blades c c'. Air is delivered to the air-tube D, through air-passages formed in the stock A, from an air-supply pipe E, which is connected with said stock outside of the disk C', which turns 7o on said stock. In the particular construction of these parts herein shown the stock A is provided with a laterally-extending nipple a, to which said tube Eis attached. The nipple d has a radial bore a', which extends 75 through the side wall of the stock A and connects With a longitudinal passage A2, formed by an enlargement of the bore of the stock and which extends around the 'spindle B, which enters and has bearing in the stock. 8o Said recess a2 extends within the tubular extension A of the stock to a point opposite the arm d of the air-tube D and communicates with radial openings a3 in the extension A', said radial openings communicating with the hollow arms d by means of which the airpipe D is connected with the said extension.

In the particular construction shown the said arms d of the tube D are connected at their inner ends with a sleeve or hub d2, which tits 9o over the tubular extension A and is clamped thereon by means of a nut a4, applied to the end of the extension A and having screwthreaded engagement therewith, said nut being adapted to bear endwise on the said hub or sleeve d2 and acting to clamp said hub against an opposing shoulder on the tubular extension, so as to hold the air-tube E rigidly in position upon the same. A tillingring a5, applied around the extension A beroo tween the inner end of the sleeve d? and the inner face of the disk c', holds the spindle from' moving endwise out of its position in the stock. Said stock A is shown as provided with a laterally-extending handle A2 and having at its extremity a knob A3, by means of which the implement may be grasped by the hand for the purpose of holding or guiding the tool which Vis attached to and driven by the rotative spindle B. In place of the knob A2 the tube A may have at its outer end a curved plate, such as is indicated by dotted lines A4, so that the implement may be used as a breast-drill. The rotative shaft B is shown in the drawings as provided with a chuck B', by which any suitable boriug or drilling tool, reamer, or the like may be secured thereto.

The spindle B has endwise bearing at its ,inner end against the stock A, said stock having at its end adjacent to the knob A2 a seat a5, against which the conical end of the said spindle bears.

The operation of the device described is as follows: Air entering under pressure through the pipe E passes through the annular space or chamber a2 and the hollow arm d to the annular air-tube D and passes from the latter in the form of air-jets which impinge upon the oblique surfaces formed by the annularlyarranged oblique blades c c' of the disks C C. As clearly seen in Fig. 4, the said blades are arranged reversely on the two disks, so that the opposite air-jets will operate to drive or turn both disks in the same direction. The jet-openings d d in each annular series are l preferably disposed at such distance apart circumfercutially of the tube D that the spread of the air-jets will result in the same meeting where they impinge upon the blades, with the result that each fan-blade is con.- tinuously subjected to the impact of the said air-jets during its rotary movement.

The disks C C in the device described constitute the rotative members and the annular tube D the non-rotative member of a motor or turbine of that class in which the impact against annularly-arranged blades or buckets on the rotative members of air-jets which are impelled with heated velocity by the air-pressure in the stationary members is utilized as a means of producing motion, and manifestly such rotative and stationary members of the turbine may be made according to well-known prior forms ot' such turbine or modified variously and the form and arrangement of the air-jet orifices and blades or buckets variously modified without departure from my invention.

I claim as my inventionl. A pneumatic tool comprising connected, non-rotative and rotative part-s, and an impact air motor or turbine embracing two rotative members which are rigidly connected with each other, and one of which is'attached to the said rotative part, and the other of which turns on the non-rotative part, and a stationary member located between said rotative members and rigidly attached to the said non-rotative part, and means for supplying air under pressure to said non-rotative member of the motor or turbine embracing passages in said non-rotative part. v

2. A pneumatic tool comprising connected, non-rotative and rotative parts, and an impact air-motor embracing two rotative annular members, provided each with a series of blades vor buckets; said rotative members being rigidly connected with each other, and one of them being rigidly attached to the said :rotative part and the other turning on the non-rotative part, and a non-rotative member of annular form arranged between said rotative members and provided with oppositelydisposed jet-orifices, said non-rotative member being rigidly attached to the said nonrotative part.

3. A pneumatic tool comprising a tubular stock, a tool-carrying spindle which enters and has bearing in said tubular stock and an impact air motor or turbine comprising a rotative member which is rigidly attached to the spindle outside of the stock and which is provided with an annularly-arranged series of blades or buckets and an annularl air-tube attached to the stock adjacent to said rotative member and provided with a plurality of annularly-arranged jet-openings directed toward said blades.

4. A pneumatic tool comprising a non-rotative stock, a rotative tool-carrying spindle and an impact air motor or turbine comprising a rotative member which consists of two disks rigidly connected at their outer margins and one of which is attached to the spindle and the other of which turns on the stock, said rotative member having an annularlyarranged series of blades or buckets and a non-rotative member consisting of an annular air-tube which is attached to the stock between said disks and is -provided with annularly-arranged jet-openings directed toward the said blades or buckets.

5. A pneumatic tool comprising a stock, a rotative spindle which has rotative engagement with the stock, an impact air-motor embracing two rotative members which are rigidly connected with each other, and one of which is rigidly attached to the said shaft, and the other of which is adapted to turn upon the stock and a non-rotative member located between said rotative members, said stock being provided with a tubular eXtension which projects into the space between the rotative members of the motor and on which said non-rotative member of the motor is mounted.

6. A pneumatic tool comprising a stock a rotative spindle which has rotative engagement with the stock and an impact air-motor embracing two rotative members which are rigidly connected with each other, and one of which is rigidly attached to the said shaft and the other of which is adapted to turn upon the stock and a non-rotative member located between said rotative members, said IOO IIO

stock being provided with a hollow cylindric extension which projects into the space between said rotative members and on which said non-rotative member is mounted, and means for supplying air to said rotative members of the motor embracing air-passages in said stock and its tubular extension.

7. A pneumatic tool comprising a tubular stock, a rotative spindle which enters and turns in said tubular stock, a rotative disk attached to said spindle adjacent to the end of the tubular stock and provided with an annularly-arranged series of blades or buckets, and an air-tube of annular form attached to the stock and provided with a plurality of annularly-arranged jet oriices arranged in position to direct jets of air against the said series of blades or buckets. 8. A pneumatic tool comprising a stock, a rotative spindle which has rotative engagement with the stock, two rotative disks each provided with an annularly-arranged series of oblique surfaces, said disks being rigidly connected with each other and one of them being attached to the spindle and the other turning on the said stock, an air-tube located between the said disks and provided with opposite jet-orifices arranged to direct jets ot' air against the said surfaces, said air-tube being rigidly attached to the said stock and the latter being provided with an air-passage connected with said air-tube.

9. A pneumatic tool comprising a tubular stock, a rotative spindle which enters and turns in said stock, two rotative disks each provided with an annularly-arranged series of oblique surfaces, said disks being rigidly connected with each other, one of said disks being attached 'to the spindle and the other turning on the said stock, an air-tube interposed between the said disks and provided with opposite jet-openings arranged to direct jets of air against the said oblique surfaces on the disks, said tube being rigidly attached to the said stock, an air-pipe attached to said stock, said air-tube being of annular form, and having the jet-orices arranged annularly therein, and being supported from the stock by radial arms.

l0. A pneumatic tool comprising a tubular stock, a rotative spindle which enters and has bearing in said stock, an impact air-motor embracing two rotative members which are rigidly connected with each other and one of which is rigidly attached to said spindle, and the other of which. is mounted to turn upon the said stock, and a non-rotative member which is located between said rotative members, said stock being provided with a tubular extension which projects into the space between said rotative members and on which the non-rotative member is mounted, said stock being provided with an air-passage for supplying air to the said air-tube, which air-passage is formed in part by an annular space between the spindle and the inner surface of the stock surrounding the same.

1l. A pneumatic tool comprising a tubular stock, a spindle which enters and turns in said tubular stock, two rotative disks each provided with a series of annularly-arranged, oblique surfaces, said disks being rigidly connected with each other and one of them being rigidly attached to the said spindle and the other adapted to turn on the stock, and an annular air-tube provided with opposite jet-orifices, said stock being provided with a tubular extension which projects into the space between the disks and the air-tube being provided with a central hub which. surrounds the said extension and with which the air-tube is connected by radial arms, said stock being provided with an air-passage connected with the air-tube by passages in said radial arms.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I affix my signature,in presence of two witnesses, this 11th day of De- Y cember, A. D. 1902,

NATHAN W. FLETCHER.

Witnesses:

C. CLARENCE POOLE, WILLIAM L. HALL. 

